Overview of human body, Principles and concepts in biomedical engineering: transducers and principles: Surface, volume and flow transducers, Catheter and diaphragm based transducers, Force and motion transducers, temperature, heat flow and humidity sensors. Laser Doppler estimation & analysis of micro circulation. Bio-potential, Instrumentation & measurement. ECG EEG , EMG, Pace-makers. Signal Conditioning, Signal Processing and Signal measurement, Chemical Measurement Systems, Biotelemetry, Medical Imaging and Reconstruction Techniques: X-Rays, Ultrasonograph , Endoscopy, CCU, Angiography; ETT; Arrhythmia measurement; Ambulatory measurement, tomography, CT-Imaging, Nuclear Imaging, MRI, PET Scanners, Ultrasound CT. Fourier reconstruction and non invasive image reconstruction techniques
Course Catalogue
Review of kinematics, forces, moments and Euler’s law. Control techniques, path/position control. Bandwidth, transmission techniques and design optimization. Robot sensors: physical sensing devices. Sensor interfaces, Organization of sensor suits. Contact proximity and machine vision sensors and interfaces. Multi-sensor data fusion: Multi-sensor data fusion fundamentals. Wavelet transform for data fusion. System organization for multi-sensor fusion. Current algorithms and their performance evaluation. Robot system integration, Robot programming languages and systems: Machine language programming. Current trends in robotics: Computer vision techniques, Image acquisition and processing techniques. Vision based control of robot manipulators, Robotics in industry, Military application in robotics
Optical Properties of Semiconductors, LED, LASERs, Photo-detectors-Photo-conductors, junction photo-detectors, PIN detectors, Phototransistors, Darlington phototransistors, optocouplers, light-activated silicon controlled rectifiers (LASCR).Different types of modulations and demodulations of light. Optical fiber cables. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and Phosphor screens. Introduction to integrated optics. The course includes lab works based on theory taught.
Solar Radiation, Radiation measurements and measuring instruments: Radiation characteristics. Solar collectors & absorber, surface coating. Solar thermal application, Photovoltaic energy conversion: solar cells, P-N junction, Schottky barrier junction. Antireflection coating and textured cells. Thin film solar cells, multiple sun solar cells. Photovoltaic systems: PV Arrays, modules and panels, dimension of cells, packing efficiency of cells in modules. Stand-alone and Grid-connected PV systems. Power conditioning of photovoltaic system: Batteries, inverters, maximum power trackers, energy system without battery, energy storage in battery, Super-capacitors. PV-grid interconnection with battery storage, energy system with diesel backup and battery storage. Bio-mass, Wind, Micro-hydel, Geo-thermal, Tidal energy and their applications. The course includes lab works based on theory taught.
Power Electronic system, Power Electronics versus Linear Electronics, Power semiconductor devices: Power diodes, Power transistors, Thyristors, GTO, MOSFET, IGBT, SIT with applications. Power Electronic Converters: Fixed output voltage and phase controlled AC/DC converters: single phase, three phase; Semi / Full. Dual converters: Angle, PWM control. DC/DC converters: Chopper regulators: Step-up, Step-down; Chopper classification; Switch mode regulators: Buck, Boost, Buck-Boost and C’uk regulators; Thyristor chopper circuits. Cyclo-converters: (Frequency converters): Single phase / Three phase and AC voltage converters: PWM, Resonant pulse inverters, Push-Pull inverters, Transformer less inverters, MPPT, Grid interactive inverters, PV inverters. Industrial Electronics: Magnetic amplifier, Control of temperature and other non-electrical quantities, Elements of microprocessor based control system for industries. Motor Drives: DC and AC motor drives, Microprocessor based motor drive. Industrial Heating: Resistive Heating; High frequency heating: Induction, Dielectric heating and its application. The course includes lab works based on theory taught.
Introduction to MOS technology, PMOS, NMOS, and CMOS transistor structures. Physics of MOS transistors, Fluid model, Electrical characteristics, Operation of MOS transistor as a switch and an amplifier, MOS inverters, MOS Fabrication steps, stick diagrams, design rules and layout, MOS circuits, delay analysis, susperbuffers, Dynamic MOS circuits Registers, counters and Memory realizations, Hierarchical view of VLSI System Design, Behavioral description, High Level Synthesis Scheduling, allocation and data path synthesis, Logic synthesis multilevel minimization, PLA reduction, regular structure circuits, Synthesis of FSM-ASM chart representation and realization, Layout synthesis, Placement and routing, Testing of VLSI, Testing of stuck-at faults, Testing of PL As, RAM, Boundary scan technique.
MOS Technology, MOS Transistors: NMOS inverters, CMOS Inverters, MOS Transistor circuit model, Latch up, Basic gates, Depletion & enhance mode pull ups. MOS Circuit Design Processes, Basic circuit concepts, Subsystem Design and Layout: Switch logic, gate logic, inverter, Design of Combinational Circuits, PLA Design of Sequential Circuits –two phase clock dynamic shift registers, register to register transfer, Finite State Machines. Implementing Integrated System Design: Patterning and fabrication, hand layout and digitization using a symbolic layout language, the Caltech immediate form for LSI layout description. Overview of an LSI Computer System and Design of OM2 Data Path Chip, VLSI MOS system design, Design entry tools: Schematic capture and HDL. Logic and switch level simulation, FPGA. The course includes lab works based on theory taught.
Definition of information, memory less information sources, the Markov information source; Entropy: Extended sources; Shannon’s noiseless coding theorem; Source coding; Mutual information; Channel capacity: BSC and other channels; Shannon’s channel capacity theorem; continuous channels; comparison of communication systems based on information theory; Channel coding block and convolution block codes-Hamming, cyclic and BCH. Performance of block code; Convolution codes and majority logic decoding; Viterbi decoding algorithm; Coding gains and performance.
Satellite Communication: Principles of satellite communication, satellite analog communication. Digital satellite transmission, multiple access techniques, demand assignment multiple access techniques, spread spectrum technique and code division multiple access, random access technique. Satellite orbits and inclination, communication satellite subsystems, satellite earth station, special purpose communication satellites. Applications of GEO, MEO, LEO and VSAT, and mobile satellite communications.
Optical fiber communication: Advantages of optical fiber system. Light propagation through optical fiber, ray optics theory and mode theory, optical fiber types. Attenuation, absorption loss, scattering loss, fiber band loss, dispersion, polarization, nonlinear phenomena. LED, its structure and characteristics, laser’s basic concept, semiconductor and non-semiconductor lasers, optical transmitter circuit. P-N and P-I-N photo-diode, avalanche photo-diode, optical receiver circuit, direct detection and coherent detection. Types of noise, receiver noise, S/N ratio, error rates. Fiber joints and fiber couplers, modulator, laser and fiber amplifiers, switches, isolator, attenuator, circular, polarization controller, filter, optical sensor systems, WDM and its applications, SDH/SONET system.
Image acquisition, storage and processing, Structure of human eye, image model, image transformations, correlation characteristics, PCM coding for image digitization. Redundancy in images and psycho, IP and E techniques for image coding. Image coding without memory and with memory. DPCM, ADPCM, Block / Transform coding. Entropy coding Image Analysis / Synthesis and image understanding techniques. Image Enhancement, restoration and conversion, Image Compression, differential techniques Color image processing, Time-varying Image Analysis: Difference images, moving edge detection, Optical flow, Elementary Pattern Recognition: Statistical pattern recognition, syntactic pattern recognition, Image processors